强夯机是近几年在工程施工中应用较多的一种夯击压实设备，由承载机构、夯架、 夯锤、 下锤头、 缓冲装置、 液压系统、 电子控制系统等组成，那么强夯机进行强夯施工的正确工序是怎样的呢？强夯机租赁厂家为您讲讲吧。

The dynamic compaction machine is a professional compaction equipment which has been widely used in engineering construction in recent years. It is composed of bearing mechanism, tamping frame, tamping hammer, lower hammer head, buffer device, hydraulic system and electronic control system. What is the correct process of the dynamic compaction machine? Let's talk about the rental factory of dynamic compaction machine.

一、基本要求

1、 Basic requirements

强夯法是起重机械吊起重8～30t的夯锤，从6～30m的高处自由落下，给地基以强大能量的夯击，迫使土体颗粒重新排列，排除孔隙中的气体和水，从而提高地基土的强度，降低其压缩性。该法主要适用于加固碎石土、碎土、粘性土、黄土、高填土及杂填土等地基。强夯法所产生的瞬时沉降为400～500mm，地基压缩性可降低2～10倍，地基承载力可提高2～5倍，造价比桩基约低24％～50％。

The dynamic compaction method is to lift a 8-30t rammer with a lifting machine, fall freely from a height of 6-30m, tamp the foundation with strong energy, force the soil particles to rearrange, and remove the gas and water in the pores, so as to improve the strength of the foundation soil and reduce its compressibility. This method is mainly applicable to the reinforcement of gravel soil, gravel soil, cohesive soil, loess, high fill and miscellaneous fill and other foundations. The instantaneous settlement produced by dynamic compaction method is 400 ~ 500mm, the compressibility of foundation can be reduced by 2 ~ 10 times, the bearing capacity of foundation can be increased by 2 ~ 5 times, and the cost is about 24 ~ 50% lower than that of pile foundation.

（一）锤重及落距

（1） Hammer weight and falling distance

通常根据要求加固土层的深度（即影响深度）H（m）按下列经验公式选定强夯法所用的锤重Q（t）和落距h（m）

Generally, the hammer weight Q (T) and falling distance h (m) used in dynamic compaction method are selected according to the depth (i.e. influence depth) H (m) of the required reinforced soil layer and the following empirical formula

H≌KQh（2－5）

H≌KQh（2－5）

式中

Where

K———经验系数，一般取0.5～0.8。

K - empirical coefficient, generally taken as 0.5 ~ 0.8.

锤重一般用8、10、12、16、25t，落距一般不小于6m，通常采用8、9．5、10、13、18、20、25m等。夯锤可用钢或钢板为外壳内部填筑混凝土制成（图2－3）。锤底尺寸取决于土层，对于砂质土或碎石类土，锤底面积宜为3～4m2；对于粘性土或淤泥质土等软弱粘性土，不宜小于6m2。

The hammer weight is generally 8, 10, 12, 16, 25t, and the falling distance is generally not less than 6m. Generally, 8, 9.5, 10, 13, 18, 20, 25m, etc. are used. The rammer can be made of steel or steel plate filled with concrete inside the shell (Fig. 2-3). The hammer bottom size depends on the soil layer. For sandy soil or gravel soil, the hammer bottom area should be 3-4m2; For soft cohesive soil such as cohesive soil or muddy soil, it shall not be less than 6m2.

（二）夯击点布置

（2） Layout of tamping points

一般按正方形或梅花形网络布置，其间距应根据基础布置、加固土层厚度和土质而定，加固深度大、土质软、单击能量大者，其间距应大些，反之应小些。一般为5～15m。

Generally, it is arranged according to the square or plum blossom network, and its spacing should be determined according to the foundation layout, the thickness of the reinforced soil layer and the soil quality. If the reinforcement depth is large, the soil is soft, and the click energy is large, the spacing between them should be larger, otherwise it should be smaller. Generally, it is 5 ~ 15m.

（三）夯击遍数

（3） Tamping times

夯击遍数一般为2～5遍，前2～3遍为“间夯”，后一遍为低能量的“满夯”，每个夯击点的夯次数为3～10击，后一遍只夯1～2击。

The tamping times are generally 2-5 times. The first 2-3 times are "interval tamping", and the second time is "full tamping" with low energy. The tamping times of each tamping point are 3-10 times, and the last time is only 1-2 times.

（四）两遍之间的时间间隔

（4） Time interval between two passes

一般为1～4周，对于粘性土或冲积土通常为3周，若地下水位在5m以下，土质条件较好，可间隔1～2d或连续进行。

It is generally 1-4 weeks, and it is usually 3 weeks for cohesive soil or alluvial soil. If the underground water level is below 5M and the soil conditions are good, it can be carried out every 1-2D or continuously.

（五）加固范围

（5） Reinforcement scope

对于重要的工程，应比设计的地基长、宽各增加一个加固深度H；对于一般的建筑物，在离地基轴线以外3m布置一圈夯击点即可。

For important projects, a reinforcement depth h shall be added to the designed foundation length and width respectively; For general buildings, a circle of tamping points can be arranged 3M away from the foundation axis.

二、施工要点

2、 Key points of construction

1．施工前场地必须进行地质勘探，并通过现场实验性施夯，确定强夯技术参数。

1. Before construction, geological exploration must be carried out on the site, and the technical parameters of dynamic compaction must be determined through on-site experimental compaction.

2．确定建筑物的位置，定出加固处理范围，处理范围内的一切地下障碍，平整场地，做好排水。

2. Determine the location of the building, determine the reinforcement treatment range, remove all underground obstacles within the treatment range, level the site, and do a good job of drainage.

3．强夯应分段进行，顺序是从边缘夯向，以减少侧向压力对附近地区的影响。

3. Dynamic compaction should be carried out in sections, from the edge to the center, in order to reduce the impact of lateral pressure on nearby areas.

4．夯击时，重锤应保持平稳、夯位准确，如错位或坑底倾斜过大，宜用砂土将坑底整平才能进行下一次夯击。

4. During tamping, the heavy hammer shall be kept stable and the tamping position shall be accurate. In case of dislocation or excessive inclination of the pit bottom, the pit bottom shall be leveled with sand before the next tamping.

5．每夯击一遍后，应测量场地平均下沉量然后用土将夯坑填平，方可进行下一遍夯击，后一遍的场地平均下沉量必须符合要求。

5. After each tamping, the average settlement of the site shall be measured, and then the tamping pit shall be filled with soil before the next tamping. The average settlement of the site for the next tamping must meet the requirements.

6．做好强夯施工记录。

6. Make construction records of dynamic compaction.

三、质量检查

3、 Quality inspection

应检查施工记录及各项技术参数，并应在夯击过的场地上选点检查。一般可用标准贯入、静力触探等方法。检查点数每个建筑物不少于3处，检测的深度和位置按设计要求确定。

The construction records and various technical parameters shall be checked, and the inspection points shall be selected on the rammed site. Generally, standard penetration and static penetration test can be used. The number of inspection points shall not be less than 3 for each building, and the depth and location of inspection shall be determined according to the design requirements.

四、工程验收

4、 Project acceptance

（一）保证项目

（1） Guarantee project

1．强夯地基施工的锤重、落距、夯击点布置及各夯击点的夯击次数必须符合设计要求。

1. The hammer weight, falling distance, layout of tamping points and tamping times of each tamping point of dynamic compaction foundation construction must meet the design requirements.

检验方法：观察检查和检查施工记录。

Inspection method: observe and check the construction records.

2．强夯的夯击遍数和两遍之间的间隔时间必须符合设计要求和施工规范规定。

2. The number of times of dynamic compaction and the interval between two times must meet the design requirements and construction specifications.

检验方法：观察检查和检查施工记录。

Inspection method: observe and check the construction records.

（二）允许偏差项目

（2） Allowable deviation items

强夯地基的允许偏差和检验方法应符合表2－7的规定。

The allowable deviation and inspection method of dynamic compaction foundation shall comply with the provisions of table 2-7.

检查数量：按夯击点数量抽查5％。

Inspection quantity: spot check 5% according to the number of tamping points.

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For more information, please visit our website http://www.sddhfjx.cn Consult and understand!